Typically, it is used to determine whether a child is related to the possible father's close relatives when the possible father is not available to be tested. It is also possible to use this series of tests in other situations when difficult questions regarding a relationship need to be addressed. We offer a free, no-obligation consultation in which one of our DNA experts evaluates every avenue with you and determines which participants should be evaluated in order to obtain the most accurate results.

A minimum of two participants is required. Since each situation is entirely unique, there is no set number of participants, and this question is answered on a case-by-case basis. A general rule of thumb is: the more relatives who are able to participate, the better. We can assist you in determining who should be tested and how many people should be tested.

 You should have a close biological relationship with the person in question. For instance, if you want to determine whether a child is related to a possible father's family, in which case paternal grandparents and aunts and uncles are preferred candidates. It would not be possible to confirm family ties with biological cousins because they do not share enough DNA with the child.

As opposed to paternity tests and grandparent tests, most courts are unlikely to accept results from family reconstruction tests, but it really depends on the circumstances of each case. Our DNA experts will be happy to assist you if you require results for establishing inheritance rights, court, or other legal reasons.

 Yes, DNA can certainly be collected at various locations. It is understandable that extended family members may be dispersed, therefore the price of the test includes the shipping of DNA-collection kits to as many members as are participating in the test.